Syllabus:

GS-3: Achievements of Indians in science & technology; indigenization of technology and developing new technology. 

Context: Recently, ISRO signed a formal agreement with Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) for the transfer of technology for the production of Small Satellite Launch Vehicles (SSLV).

About the Agreement

• The agreement is the 100th transfer of technology agreement facilitated by space sector promoter INSPACe.
• The aim is to complete the entire technology transfer process within 24 months from the date of signing the agreement.
• It reflects the Government of India’s vision to empower the space industry and establish India as a global hub for affordable and reliable launch services.
• The agreement would allow HAL to independently take up the realisation of SSLV and cater to both domestic and international markets.

Small Satellite Launch Vehicles (SSLV)

• SSLV is a three-stage launch vehicle configured with three solid propulsion stages and liquid propulsion-based Velocity Trimming Module (VTM) as a terminal stage.
• Key Features of SSLV:
• Cost Effective: Designed as a cost-effective vehicle, making it competitive in the fast-growing small satellite launch market.
• Quick turnaround time: Fast assembly and integration enable more frequent launches within shorter intervals.
• Launch on demand: Can be readied quickly for time-critical satellite missions.
• Multiple payloads: It supports multiple satellites simultaneously, including ride-share missions for domestic and international customers.
• Minimal Infrastructure: Requires simpler ground support and infrastructure compared to larger vehicles, making it deployable even from smaller or new launch sites.
• Adaptability: Suitable for launching satellites into Low Earth Orbit (LEO) for commercial, scientific, and defense applications.

Significance of the Agreement

• Strategic Self-Reliance: Shifts India from ISRO-driven launches to industry-led production, strengthening Atmanirbhar Bharat in space.
• Commercial Expansion: Positions India as a key player in the rapidly growing global small satellite launch market.
• Efficient Resource Utilisation: Free ISRO to focus on advanced research such as human spaceflight, planetary mission, while HAL and industry manage commercial launchs.
• Technology Diffusion: Builds national capacity in high-end manufacturing, systems integration, quality assurance, and launch operations.
• Public–Private Collaboration: Serves as a model for future partnerships in Gaganyaan, reusable launch vehicles, and satellite manufacturing.

Indian National Space Promotion and Authorization Centre (IN-SPACe)

• IN-SPACe is an autonomous body under the Department of Space that promotes, authorizes, and regulates private sector participation in space activities.
• It provides a single-window framework for non-governmental entities to access government infrastructure and engage in launch vehicles, satellites, and space-based services.
• It fosters India’s private space sector and enables greater industry participation in the national space ecosystem.

 Sources:
News On Air
The Hindu