Context:

Recently, the Union Cabinet approved the rationalization of all Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSS) in the agriculture sector into two umbrella Schemes, Pradhan Mantri Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (PM-RKVY) and Krishonnati Yojana (KY).

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• PM-RKVY will promote sustainable agriculture, while KY will address food security & agricultural self-sufficiency.  
• The combined schemes will have a total projected expenditure of ₹1,01,321.61 crore, with the Centre contributing ₹69,088.98 crore and states providing ₹32,232.63 crore. 
• This restructuring aims to streamline agricultural initiatives and enhance implementation efficiency.
• Both schemes will be executed through state governments, allowing flexibility in fund allocation based on regional requirements.
• All 18 components, nine each under PM-RKVY and KY, will leverage technology to ensure efficient and effective implementation by the States. 

Pradhan Mantri Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (PM-RKVY)

• It has been allocated ₹57,074.72 crore to promote sustainable agriculture through state-specific strategic planning and implementation.

      PM-RKVY comprises of following 9 components: 

• Soil Health Management
• Rainfed Area Development
• Agro Forestry
• Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana
• Agricultural Mechanization including Crop Residue Management
• Per Drop More Crop
• Crop Diversification Programme
• RKVY DPR component
• Accelerator Fund for Agri Startups
• Under PM-RKVY, state governments have been given the flexibility to re-allocate funds from one component to other based on their state-specific requirements

Krishonnati Yojana (KY)

• It has been allocated ₹44,246.89 crore to address food security and achieve agricultural self-sufficiency. 

     KY comprises of following components: 

• National Food Security & Nutrition Mission (NFSNM)
• National Mission on Edible Oils - Oil Palm (NMEO-OP)
• National Mission on Edible Oils – Oilseeds (NMEO-OS)
• Digital Agriculture Mission
• Mission Organic Value Chain Development for North East Region (MOVCDNER)
• Integrated Scheme for Agricultural Marketing (ISAM)
• Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH)
• Sub-Mission on Agricultural Extension (SMAE) 
• A key component under the KY, Mission Organic Value Chain Development for North Eastern Region (MOVCDNER) is being revised by adding a component namely MOVCDNER- Detailed Project Report (MOVCDNER-DPR), which will allow flexibility to the North Eastern States to address their region-specific challenges.

Benefits of Rationalization of Various Schemes

• Eliminates duplication, ensures convergence and provides flexibility to States. 
• Address emerging challenges in agriculture, including nutrition security, sustainability, climate resilience, value chain development, and private sector involvement.  
• Enables State governments to develop comprehensive state-specific agricultural planning
• Streamline the approval process by allowing the Annual Action Plan (AAP) of States to be approved in a single step, rather than on a scheme-by-scheme basis.