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News Highlights provides you with the best compilation of the Daily News Highlights taking place across the globe: National, International, Sports, Science and Technology, Banking, Economy, Agreement, Appointments, Ranks, and Report and General Studies
1.
India has been largely unaffected, as international aid accounts for just 1% of its total health expenditure. The Constitution of India, through Article 47, underlines the state's responsibility to improve public health care. In the early days, public health was largely embedded within medical teaching. This narrow approach persisted despite the establishment of the All-India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, Kolkata in 1932 and the subsequent inclusion of preventive and social medicine - later known as community medicine as an essential part of medical education. Specialists in community medicine, well-trained in public health provided public health services and met human resource needs in this field. However, their numbers were limited, and they were often engaged in medical teaching. Many students pursued MPH courses abroad in countries such as Australia, the European Union, the United Kingdom and the U.S. Yet, the supply of public health professionals remained constrained. Recognizing the growing need and demand, MPH institutions and teaching expanded in India.
2.
With the Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY) addressing OOPE, there is now greater scope to strengthen public health systems, especially primary health care. This insurance-based programme reduces OOPE by covering hospitalisation, surgeries, and procedures at the tertiary level, but sidelines the UHC principle of primary health care. Despite improving financial protection, it discourages primary healthcare use, weakens public health infrastructure, and strengthens market-driven private health care. However, AB-PMJAY's hospitalisation-based reimbursement shifts the focus away from preventive and community-based health care, increases long-term costs and reliance on private hospitals, and fails to reduce OOPE. This contradicts the Bhore Committee's vision of strong primary health care, with a pyramid-shaped health system tapering to secondary and tertiary care.
3.
India has among the world's highest share of malnourished children and anaemic women. According to the National Family Health Survey-5, 36% of children under five are stunted and a meagre 11% who are breastfed between the ages of 6 months and 23 months receive an adequate diet. Fifty-seven percent of women in the 15-49 age group are anaemic. There is a rise in the share of those with diabetes, hypertension, and other such lifestyle-diet induced non-communicable diseases (NCDs). 24% of women and 23% men in India are overweight or obese and 14% take medicines for diabetes. Poshan 2.0 and Saksham Anganwadi offer more of the same solutions - take-home rations, -supplementary foods, tracking of severe and acute malnutrition cases, iron and folic acid tablets etc. With Poshan 2.0, there is additional focus on aspirational districts and the north-eastern region. But these schemes reinforce the idea that malnutrition is a problem only in certain parts of India and only in certain segments of the population.
4.
In 2024, the government asked all the States to make snakebites a notifiable disease. This trend is not unique to India. In 1995, the U.S. became the first country to list lead poisoning as a notifiable disease, establishing a precedent for the surveil-lance of non-communicable diseases. This evolution in public health policy forces a critical examination of whether cancers warrant notification for surveillance in India. Notification of infectious diseases is a legal mandate and compels physicians to report designated diseases to public health authorities, failing which they could face legal consequences. Unlike infectious diseases, cancer does not pose an im-mediate threat to public health through direct trans-mission and sudden deaths. It is a diverse group of diseases rather than a single condition, and its detection often re-quires complex diagnostic procedures. Proponents of making cancer notifiable argue that mandatory reporting could enhance early detection and resource allocation.
5.
Bharti Airtel and Reliance Jio have signed distribution pacts with SpaceX Corp.'s Starlink service to bring satellite internet access to India. The distribution pacts are a reversal from the telecom industry's reluctance to quickly make the Starlink service available in India without auctions for the satellite airwaves. Starlink is a low-earth orbit constellation of over 7,000 satellites that provide internet access to users with ground terminals, which the Elon Musk-owned SpaceX is already selling in around 40 countries. Starlink needs GMPCS authorisation, security clearance, and spectrum allocation, but government scrutiny and legal challenges have delayed its approval in India. It is more useful in rural areas than in cities with strong 5G and broadband. Airtel and Jio have signed distribution agreements with Starlink, despite earlier demands for a spectrum auction. Government decisions on spectrum allocation and U.S. trade pressure may influence Starlink's entry.
6.
Syria has entered a three-month period of political and military uncertainty following the fall of Bashar al-Assad's regime in December 2024. Interim President Ahmed al-Sharaa is seeking international legitimacy while navigating internal instability. His government has reached a significant agreement with the U.S. backed Kurdish Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), integrating their military and administrative structures into the Syrian state. However, conflict persists, with Israel expanding control in the Golan Heights under the pretext of counterterrorism. After Assad's fall in December 2024, interim leader Ahmed al-Sharaa struggles to consolidate control, with loyalist resistance, Kurdish integration, and ongoing regional conflicts shaping Syria's fragile stability. Fighting continues in key areas like Latakia, while Israeli military actions and Turkish-backed offensives add to instability; meanwhile, international sanctions and economic collapse hinder Syria's reconstruction efforts.
7.
Anyone found using a forged passport or visa for entering, exiting or staying in India will be punished with a jail term of up to seven years and a fine to the extent of 10 lakh if the new immigration Bill is approved by Parliament. The Bill also provides for mandatory reporting of information about foreigners by hotels, universities, other educational institutions, hospitals and nursing homes to enable tracking of overstaying foreigners. International airlines and ships must submit passenger and crew manifests at Indian ports. The Bill states that using forged documents for entering, exiting or staying in India can lead to imprisonment of two years to seven years and a penalty of ₹1 lakh to 10 lakhs. Foreigners entering without valid documents may face up to five years in jail and fines up to 5 lakh.
8.
The Centre has recently accorded approval for the ambitious Chandrayaan-5 mission to study the moon, ISRO Chairman V. Narayanan said. The Chandrayaan-4 Mission, expected to be launched in 2027, aims to bring samples collected from the moon.
9.
The debate over the language formula in the National Education Policy rages, though the Supreme Court had favoured "linguistic secularism", or the acceptance of the legitimate aspirations of the speakers of different languages in India, in a 2014 judgment. The court in U.P. Hindi Sahittya Sammelan vs State of U.P. in September 2014 had observed that the mode of development or evolution of both law and language in the country was "organic". Indian language laws, the court said, were "not rigid but accommodative - the object being to secure linguistic secularism". The judgment referred to Constitutional expert H.M. Seervai's commentary on the conflict which arose in the Constituent Assembly in 1949 over the question of Hindi as a "national language". A compromise proposed in the Munshi-Ayyangar formula led to the inclusion of Article 343 in the Constitution declaring Hindi in the Devanagari script as the official language of the Union.
10.
After a gap of about 10 years, India and New Zealand announced resumption of negotiations for a proposed free trade agreement (FTA) to boost economic ties. India and New Zealand began negotiating the Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement (CECA) in April 2010 to boost trade in goods, ser-vices, and investment. However, after 10 rounds of discussions, the talks stalled in February 2015. The announcement was made after a meeting of Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal and Todd McClay, New Zealand's Minister for Trade and Investment.
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